As French journalists Laure Marchand and Guillaume Perrier explain in Turkey and the Armenian Ghost, "Since the Armenians’ religious heritage was the strongest expression of their ancestral roots, it became a prime target for their oppressors." In absolute numbers, Turkey’s wipeout of Armenian cultural heritage dwarfs Azerbaijan’s recent vandalism in Nakhichevan. The actual number of deaths is still unknown, but around 5,000 Armenians were reportedly killed, and approximately 90,000 were forcibly displaced from their ancestral lands. In 1965, after being taken to a police station for photographing a church near his birthplace, Ayvazyan received a warning from a visiting KGB chief, who treated the teenage offender to tea. Awed by Aylisli’s nostalgia for his birthplace, the Russian journalist traveled to Nakhichevan to see the area with his own eyes. I thought the mass destruction of Armenian monuments in Nakhchivan was a great shame of our nation." Aylisli’s new essay also references a telegram he sent to Azerbaijan’s president in 1997, the year "when that monstrous vandalism had just begun." Aylisili had actually published the text of this telegram in 2011 in a privately released Russian-language book with a circulation of just 50 copies. This act of vandalism is being perpetrated through the involvement of armed forces and employment of anti-tank mines. "The targeting of civilian communities by Azerbaijan is an encroachment on the rights of the civilian population, first of all against the right to life. In 2009, Nakhichevan’s authorities unveiled a new Islamic mausoleum as "the restored eighth-century grave monument of the Prophet Noah" in what was once an Armenian cemetery

I bring to your attention my deepest concern regarding the fact that such senseless action will be perceived by the world community as manifestation of disrespect for religious and moral values, and I express my hope that urgent measures will be undertaken on your part for ending this evil vandalism. But one man, Armenia-based researcher Argam Ayvazyan, anticipated the systematic destruction decades before. His photographic missions were self-financed, undercover, dangerous, and supported by his closest companion: "My wife, a teacher, was my number one pillar," recalls Ayvazyan, "she never once complained about my prolonged absences, financial hardships, or being our children’s primary caretaker." By the time the Berlin Wall fell, Ayvazyan had documented 89 Armenian churches, 5,840 ornate khachkars, and 22,000 horizontal tombstones, among other Armenian monuments. But the destruction commenced again in November 2002, and by the time the incident was written up by Icomos in its World Report on Monuments and Sites in Danger for that year, the 1500-year-old cemetery was described as "completely flattened". In the meantime, Yakup Ergun, the police intelligence officer who drafted reports about the jihadist activities of Büyükfırat as part of the counterterrorism investigation, was removed from his job by the Erdoğan government and later fired. The Erdoğan government helped save the IHH from legal troubles in Turkey while mobilizing resources and diplomatic clout to back the IHH in global operations. President Aliyev has harsh critics among Azerbaijani intellectuals and the global human rights community, but he also has passionate supporters abroad. His brother Reşit Büyükfırat, deputy chairman of the provincial health commission in Şanlıurfa, was detained

He traveled to Iran by land and used the Syrian-Turkish border to enter Turkey. Entitled "Europe and us," its claim that European values were superior to those of Muslim countries sparked outrage in both Azerbaijan (a Muslim country) and Iran. Armenian culture has always had a precarious existence sandwiched between Russia and the Islamic spheres of Turkey and Iran. On a visit to Armenia in March, the director of the Hermitage Museum in St Petersburg, Mikhail Piotrovsky, whose mother is Armenian, reacted to the destruction by likening it to the Taleban’s obliteration of the Bamiyan Buddhas. Perceiving parallels between the obliteration in Nakhichevan and the destruction of material heritage during the Armenian Genocide in Turkey is not without merit. The Project was created in part "to demonstrate to those who destroy world heritage that their efforts are in vain," states digital humanities specialist Harold Short. Fazel Lankarani (photo), one of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s leading ayatollah’s, issued the fatwa in response to appeals for advice from Azerbaijani Muslims. His affection for Nakhichevan’s artifacts was not confined to Christian sites: Ayvazyan also surveyed the region’s seven Islamic mausoleums and 27 mosques. They intimidated civilians by threatening the use of force and called on them in Armenian to leave their homes. Despite fervent denial, the most gripping evidence of the erasure of Nakhichevan’s Armenian heritage comes from within the Azerbaijani government itself. The latter’s World Heritage Committee is scheduled to meetin June 2019 in Baku, where President Aliyev’s token preservation of a repurposed 19th-century Armenian church (the age of which "proves" that Armenian history inside Azerbaijan spans just a couple centuries) is a must-see "tolerance" attraction. Riled by what he called the "deliberate distortion" of history in Stone Dreams, President Aliyev revoked Aylisli’s pension and title of "People’s Writer." Aylisli’s writings were removed from school curricula, his books were publicly burned, and his family members were fired from their jobs

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